GRAPHENE REPORT

GRAPHENE a 1-atom-thick sheet of C atoms in hexagonic crystal lattice. 200x stronger than steel. Tougher than diamond. World's thinnest material. Flexible, transparent, conducts el and heat very well. Stocks: AIXG, CVV, FCSMF, NGPHF, GTI, CHGI, PKX.

Iran researchers developed process to produce graphene using laser ablation - pulsed nanosecond Nd: Y, Al, O laser - in liquid N with fast flow circulation. Enables simple, effective control of resulting graphene sheet. Suited for mass production.

UK govt building 38M Pound national graphene institute. Completion 3Q14.

Sony can produce graphene sheets 23cm wide, up to 100 meters long. New process integrates chem vapor deposition (CVD)  and roll-to-roll @ 1K Celsius. Current applied to Cu foil - the catalyst of graphene - and substrate for CVD method. Only Cu foil is heated.

Rensselaer Polytech Institute developed new graphene-based anode. Can charge/discharge 10x faster than conventional graphite anodes now in lith-ion batts. They take sheet of graphene-oxide paper and intro defects with laser or camera flash. Thickness expands 5x, making large voids between sheets for ions to travel quickly.

Graphoid, CVD Equip Comp to develop graphene-based "Nano to Macro Catalyst Materials" using C nanotubes.

XG Sciences started production at 80 tons/y capacity Michigan plant. Making graphene nanoplatelets. Can improve performance of batts, capacitors, printed eltronics, coatings, plastic structural components.

Nokia filed patent for graphene-based photo detector. Uses graphene as photo-collecting layer. Also uses graphene nanoribbon acting as FET to amp current, transfer it to control eltronics. Stacking with color filters can detect colors. Graphene's transparency - absorbs 2.3% of light. Vastly thinner than current techs.

MIT researchers found graphene's basic properties - chem reactivity, el conductivity and others - can vary dramatically with substrate. Research funded by US Office of Naval (Navel?) Research.

VC fund Excell Partners invested in Graphene Devices. GD was awarded $600K for several projects in '10 by US fed and state authorities. Exploring novel uses for graphene, ways to opt its production. Using process developed @ U of Buffalo.

GA State U, GA Tech developed new tech to study spin characteristics of electrons in graphene. Detect spin-resonance using el resistance by illuminating with microwaves (causes spin-splitting E to equalize).

NIST using internal photoemission and spectroscopic ellipsometry to determine graphene's work functions and band alignment of graphene-insulator-semicon structure. IPE measures E of electrons emitted from materials to determine binding energies. In SE, broadband light sources shone on material, optical properties ascertained from reflectivity.

Researchers developed new sponge-like graphene structure with very good absorbant properties - especially for petrol products in seawater. Absorbs up to 86x its weight. Can reuse up to 10x.

Graphene Labs (Graphene Supermarket): most popular product is 3D graphene foam. High surf area, porosity - ideal for E. Also graphene on dielectric substrates, ideal for PV solar, transistors.

Manchester U researchers found stacking graphene sheets doesn't degrade properties. So, can create 3D chips.